论文部分内容阅读
研究了轿车后轮轴承的早期失效。通过对 2 0 0套失效轴承的统计分析发现 ,在轿车每个后轮的一对轴承中 ,早期失效大多发生在外列小轴承 ,主要失效形式为轴承内外圈滚道的等间距分布的严重条状剥落和随机分布的大端疲劳剥落。提出了基于轴向游隙关系的后轮轴承失效机理模型 :轿车两后轮轴承对的工作游隙的差异是导致两轮外侧小轴承出现早期失效的主要原因。当轿车转弯、侧倾行驶、或者两后轮路谱有较大的差异时 ,与后桥连为一体的两个后轮轴颈将相对车轮发生轴向窜动 ,使游隙相对较小一侧后轮的外列小轴承 ,承受了本应由另一侧内列大轴承承受的轴向载荷 ,加之因弯矩作用而产生的附加径向载荷 ,使外列小轴承发生早期失效 ,因此在轿车后轮轴承的设计、装配及维修中 ,应尽量控制两轮轴承对轴向游隙的差值。
Studied the early failure of the rear wheel bearings of cars. Through the statistical analysis of 200 sets of failed bearings, it is found that in the pair of bearings of each rear wheel of the car, the early failures mostly occur in the small bearings of the outer race, and the main failure mode is the serious bar with equidistant distribution of the inner and outer raceways of the bearing Exfoliation and random distribution of large-end fatigue spalling. The failure mechanism model of rear wheel bearing based on axial clearance relationship is proposed. The difference of working clearance between two rear wheel bearing pairs of sedan is the main cause of the early failure of the two small lateral bearing bearings. When the car turns, roll driving, or the two rear wheel road spectrum has a greater difference, with the rear axle of the two rear wheel hub axle axial movement relative to the wheel, the clearance is relatively small side Rear row of small bearings, bearing the other side should be large bearings within the axial load, coupled with the additional radial load due to the bending moment, the small bearing row out of the early failure, so in Car rear wheel bearings in the design, assembly and maintenance, should try to control the difference between the two bearings on the axial clearance.