对汽车异形管件的挤压成形过程进行有限元模拟,研究了管坯厚度和成形轴向速度对管件成形质量的影响。模拟结果表明:管壁厚度从两端出现急剧缩小,并在管道中间处出现小幅上升;壁厚减幅最大处出现在管材两端倒角和胀形最大区域的连接处;壁厚为1 mm,轴向速度为0.5 mm/s时,得到的成形管件管壁最大等效应力为284 MPa,接近于理想状态,未发生冲击断裂的危险;等效总应变则随着壁厚和轴向速度的增加而逐渐减小。 Finite element simulation of the extrusion process of automobile shaped pipe was carried out. The influence of tube thickness and forming axial velocity on the forming quality of the pipe was studied. The simulation results show that the wall thickness decreases sharply from both ends and increases slightly in the middle of the pipe. The maximum wall thickness decrease occurs at the junction of chamfering and bulging at both ends of the pipe. The wall thickness is 1 mm , The maximum equivalent stress of the pipe wall of the formed pipe is 284 MPa when the axial velocity is 0.5 mm / s, close to the ideal state, without the risk of impact fracture. The equivalent total strain changes with the wall thickness and the axial velocity Increase and gradually reduce.