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巴格达是中东的文明古城,在中东文明史上占有重要的地位。本文以时间为顺序,讲述了巴格达城自建城到被蒙古军攻陷的历史。巴格达建城于762年,在8—10世纪一度是中东重要的政治、经济和文化中心。在白益王朝时期,巴格达有突出的文化成就。文章着重讲述了1218年蒙古第一次西征对花拉子模诸多城市的破坏,尤其是1258年蒙古军第二次西征,旭烈兀攻陷阿克要塞,围攻巴格达城,并大肆进行人口屠杀和城市破坏,导致巴格达城愈加没落。
Baghdad is a civilized ancient city in the Middle East and occupies an important position in the history of civilization in the Middle East. This article, in chronological order, tells the history of the city of Baghdad from the construction of its own city until it was captured by Mongol troops. Founded in 762, Baghdad was once an important political, economic and cultural center in the Middle East during the 8th and 10th centuries. During the period of the White Regime, Baghdad had outstanding cultural achievements. The article focuses on the first expedition to Mongolia in 1218 on the destruction of many cities in the Tathagata, especially the Mongol army in 1258 the second expedition, Xu Lie Wu captured Ake Fortress, siege of Baghdad city, and wantonly population Massacre and urban destruction caused the city of Baghdad to decline more and more.