一、主要目标英国新城建设的主要政策目标是建设一个“既能生活又能工作的、平衡和独立自足的新城”。这里的“平衡”有三层含义:①指总人口中要有相当数量的本地就业人员:②新城的工业岗位不能是单一性的,以防止经济上的过分依赖性和单一企业造成垄断:③新城的阶级及阶层应该是混合型的,要能吸收不同层次的人来居住和工作。“独立自足”的含义是指新城应有商业、学校、影院、公交、教堂等生活设施,要能给居民提供工作岗位。战后经济的迅速发展和新企业获得低价土地及政府资助,使得企业的发展有 I. MAIN OBJECTIVES The main policy goal of the construction of new towns in the United Kingdom is to build a “new city that is both living and working, balanced and independent”. There are three meanings here: ① It means that there is a considerable number of local employees in the general population: ② Metro’s industrial posts can not be monolithic so as to prevent economic over-reliance and single-firm monopolies: ③ The class and class of the new city should be mixed and capable of absorbing people of different levels to live and work. “Self-sufficiency ” means that the Metro should have commercial facilities, schools, cinemas, buses, churches and other living facilities, to provide residents with jobs. The rapid economic development of the post-war period and the acquisition of low-cost land and government subsidies by new enterprises make the development of enterprises