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基于多芯少模光纤的空分复用技术被认为是解决传统单模光纤通信容量危机的可行方案。同时,随着支撑空分复用技术的光纤器件的快速发展和逐步成熟,空分复用技术亦可以应用于多参量分布式传感,解决传统基于单模光纤的单参量传感器交叉敏感性问题。文章综述了近年来少模光纤、多芯光纤、多芯少模光纤的设计制备及测试研究,也总结了这些特种光纤在光纤传输与光纤传感上的应用进展,在此基础上,对多芯少模光纤的传输与传感应用的研究前景与方向进行了展望。
The technology of space division multiplexing based on multi-core and multimode fiber is considered as a feasible solution to the crisis of communication capacity of traditional single-mode optical fiber. Meanwhile, with the rapid development and gradual maturation of optical fiber devices supporting space division multiplexing, space division multiplexing can also be applied to multi-parameter distributed sensing to solve the cross-sensitivity problem of traditional single-mode fiber-based single-parameter sensors . In this paper, the design, preparation and testing of few mode optical fibers, multi-core optical fibers and multi-core optical mode fibers are reviewed in this paper. The applications of these special optical fibers in optical fiber transmission and optical fiber sensing are also summarized. The prospects and directions of the transmission and sensing applications of SMRM are also discussed.