以马来酸酐和十八醇为原料,以对甲苯磺酸为催化剂,制备马来酸双十八醇酯。研究了适宜的反应时间、原料配比、催化剂用量以及携水剂对酯化反应的影响。并用红外光谱(IR)对马来酸双十八醇酯的结构进行表征。结果表明:制备马来酸双十八醇酯的最佳反应条件为,在115~130℃的回流温度下,十八醇与马来酸酐的最佳投料比为2.1∶1,催化剂用量为酐醇总质量的0.75%,携水剂甲苯的用量为酐醇总质量的50%,反应时间4h,酯化率可以达到99%以上。 Using maleic anhydride and stearyl alcohol as raw materials and p-toluenesulfonic acid as catalyst, dioctadecyl maleate was prepared. The appropriate reaction time, the ratio of raw materials, the amount of catalyst and the effect of water-carrying agent on the esterification reaction were studied. The structure of dioctadecyl maleate was characterized by infrared spectroscopy (IR). The results showed that the optimal reaction conditions for the preparation of dioctadecyl maleate were as follows: the optimum feed ratio of stearyl alcohol and maleic anhydride was 2.1:1 at the reflux temperature of 115 ~ 130 ℃, the amount of catalyst was anhydride 0.75% of the total mass of the alcohol, the amount of the toluene for carrying liquid is 50% of the total mass of the anhydrous alcohol, the reaction time is 4 hours, and the esterification rate can reach more than 99%.