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目的了解农村外出务工人员对重点传染病防治知识的认知水平及其健康行为的相关现状,为制定流动人口传染病健康教育对策及管理办法提供依据。方法采用自行设计的调查表,对四川省的581名农村外出务工人员进行传染病防治知识的问卷调查。结果重点传染病防治知识知晓率最低为艾滋病的预防措施11.88%。其次是正确区分是否为传染病(12.56%)、我国对肺结核的检查和治疗有免费政策(16.01%)和乙肝的传播途径(17.56%)。在健康行为持有率中最低为在性生活时经常使用安全套者为12.22%。农村外出务工人员在“吃饭前经常洗手”、“咳嗽或打喷嚏时经常捂住口鼻”、“把痰吐在手绢、卫生纸、痰盂或厕所里”行为持有率分别为39.59%、31.67%和79.17%。结论农村外出务工人员重点传染病知识知晓率参差不齐,总体偏低,健康行为形成率有待进一步提高,应该有针对性的对其进行健康教育。
Objective To understand the cognition level of rural migrant workers on the knowledge of key infectious disease prevention and control and the current status of their health behaviors and provide the basis for formulating the health education countermeasures and management measures of floating population infectious diseases. Methods A questionnaire designed by ourselves was used to conduct a questionnaire survey on the knowledge of prevention and treatment of infectious diseases in 581 rural migrant workers in Sichuan Province. Results The lowest awareness of prevention and treatment of infectious diseases was 11.88% of AIDS prevention measures. Followed by the correct distinction between infectious diseases (12.56%), our country for the inspection and treatment of tuberculosis have a free policy (16.01%) and the transmission of hepatitis B (17.56%). The lowest among the healthy behaviors holding rate was 12.22% of those who frequently used condoms during sex life. Rural migrant workers often wash their hands before eating “,” often cover their mouth and nose when coughing or sneezing, “and” holding sputum spit in handkerchiefs, toilet paper, spittoon or toilet " 39.59%, 31.67% and 79.17% respectively. Conclusion The knowledge rate of knowledge of major infectious diseases among migrant workers in rural areas is variable and generally low, and the formation rate of healthy behaviors needs to be further improved. Health education should be targeted for them.