思想政治教育是一项非常艰巨而又细致的工作,在教育和教学过程中必须贯彻疏导为主的方针,坚持正面教育。但是,正确运用奖励和惩罚,也是一种不可缺少的辅助性手段。奖惩如果运用得恰当、合理,无论对集体还是对学生个人都有很大的教育作用。运用奖励和惩罚,要实事求是。领导要深入调查事实,掌握具体情况,既看动机,也看效果。在弄清事实的基础上,做到公正合理。如果情况不明,就进行奖罚,这样起不到教育作用,有时还会引起反感。特别是在惩罚时,不要夸大学生的错误,更不能掺杂领导的好恶来决定。某校有一个顽皮学生将另一个同学的头打出了血,家长很伤脑筋,要求学校处分那个顽皮学生。学校领导对这种情况作了调查研究。据了解,那两个学生平时相处不错,并不是故意伤人;那个顽皮学生自己也非常后悔,并且答应付药费。于是 Ideological and political education is a very arduous and meticulous task. In the education and teaching process, it is necessary to carry out the principle of grooming and to maintain positive education. However, the correct use of rewards and punishments is also an indispensable auxiliary measure. If the rewards and punishments are properly and reasonably applied, they have a great educational role for both the collective and individual students. To use rewards and punishments, be realistic. Leaders should thoroughly investigate facts and master specific situations. They should not only look at the motives but also see the results. On the basis of clarifying the facts, we must be fair and reasonable. If the situation is not clear, then rewards and punishments will be carried out. This will not result in education and sometimes it will cause resentment. In particular, when punishing, do not make mistakes in university students, let alone lead the likes and dislikes of leaders. A naughty student in a school shot the blood of another student’s head. The parents were very upset and asked the school to dispose of the naughty student. School leaders conducted investigations and studies on this situation. It is understood that the two students get along well with each other and do not deliberately wound up. The naughty student himself regrets very much and he has to pay for the drug. then