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目的:测定广西某两个电解铝厂周边约3公里内儿童尿氟、铝、铅含量。方法:在厂区内小学1~6年级各班中,选择7~12岁学生450人,取晨尿,用氟离子电极法测定尿氟含量,原子吸收法(石墨炉)测定尿铝、尿铅;并在厂区外选择54名学生的晨尿作为对照组。结果:厂1、厂2、对照组儿童的尿氟(F-)依次为(0.497±0.334)mg/L、(0.390±0.159)mg/L、(0.388±0.147)mg/L,厂1明显高于厂2和对照组(P<0.05)。不同尿氟含量段的人数占总人数的比例,<0.5、0.50~0.99、1.00~1.49、1.50~1.99、>2.00 mg/L,厂1分别为52.71%、35.66%、7.75%、2.33%、1.55%;厂2分别为69.20%、28.15%、2.65%、0、0;对照组分别为66.67%、33.33%、0、0、0。高氟组尿铝低于低氟组,而高氟组尿铅高于低氟组(P<0.05)。结论:两厂及对照组周边儿童平均尿氟都在正常范围内(<0.5 mg/L),但厂1明显高于厂2和对照组,尿铝和尿铅含量高氟组与低氟组均有明显差异。
Objective: To determine urinary, aluminum and lead contents of children within about 3 km around one of two electrolytic aluminum smelters in Guangxi. Methods: 450 students aged 7-12 years were selected in each class of grade 1 ~ 6 in the factory. Morning urine was measured. Urinary fluoride content was determined by fluoride ion electrode method. Urinary aluminum and urinary lead were determined by atomic absorption spectrometry (graphite furnace) ; And select the morning urine of 54 students outside the factory as the control group. Results: The F- values of children in factory 1 and factory 2 in the control group were (0.497 ± 0.334) mg / L, (0.390 ± 0.159) mg / L and (0.388 ± 0.147) mg / L in turn, Higher than that of plant 2 and the control group (P <0.05). The proportion of people with different urinary fluoride content in the total number of patients was <0.5,0.50 ~ 0.99,1.00 ~ 1.49,1.50 ~ 1.99 and> 2.00 mg / L, with factory 1 of 52.71%, 35.66%, 7.75% and 2.33% 1.55% respectively; Plant 2 were 69.20%, 28.15%, 2.65%, 0,0 respectively; control group was 66.67%, 33.33%, 0,0,0 respectively. Urinary aluminum in high fluoride group was lower than that in low fluoride group, while urinary lead in high fluoride group was higher than that in low fluoride group (P <0.05). Conclusion: The average urinary fluoride in children around the two factories and the control group was within the normal range (<0.5 mg / L), but factory 1 was significantly higher than those in factory 2 and control group. There are obvious differences.