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我国已经初步建立起了具有中国特色的环境法律体系,但在生态文明的视域下,距离“美丽中国”宏伟目标的实现还存在着较大差距。尤其在生态法治建设实践之中,环境法律的实施效果与社会认同均差强人意,这促使学界需要认真思考环境法律的实效性样式与正当性标准问题。环境法律实效性不强与政府环境责任缺失之间存在着密切关系,而实现方式与保障措施的选择可以是强制性逻辑,也可以是自制性样式。对于政府依法履行环境保护职责的诉求,在合法律性的基础上,还应有正当性的要求。若要实现环境法律的正当性,则有赖于科学科技、程序正义以及效率均衡等诸多判断标准的确立,这也是未来我国环境法治建设的重要方向。
China has initially established an environmental legal system with Chinese characteristics. However, there is still a long way to go before the grand goal of “beautiful China” under the vision of ecological civilization. Especially in the practice of ecological law and order construction, the implementation effect and social recognition of environmental law are far from satisfactory, which urges academics to think carefully about the actual style and legitimacy standard of environmental law. There is a close relationship between the weakness of environmental law effectiveness and the lack of government environmental responsibility, and the choice of realization and guarantee measures can be either mandatory logic or self-made style. For the government to fulfill its duty of environmental protection according to law, on the basis of law and legality, there should be legitimate requirements. To achieve the legitimacy of environmental law depends on the establishment of many criteria such as science and technology, procedural justice and efficiency balance. This is also an important direction for the rule of law in our country’s environment in the future.