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新兴的异质性企业贸易理论指出,出口企业的生产率应高于只供应国内市场的企业。本文利用中国工业企业的大样本数据,对这一理论进行了实证检验,对上述论断提出了挑战。本文发现,从平均意义上看,中国出口企业的生产率显著低于只供应国内市场的企业,我们称其为中国出口企业的生产率悖论。通过细致的分地区、所有制类型、规模以及行业类型的生产率计算和差异性检验分析,本文得出了中国出口企业生产率悖论的确凿证据,揭示了中国外贸存在“生产率-出口选择”的二元结构。
Emerging heterogeneous enterprise trade theory points out that the productivity of export enterprises should be higher than that of enterprises that supply only the domestic market. In this paper, we use the large sample data of Chinese industrial enterprises to test the theory and challenge the above conclusion. This paper finds that in an average sense, the productivity of China’s export enterprises is significantly lower than that of the enterprises that supply only the domestic market, which we call the productivity paradox of Chinese exporters. Through careful calculation and analysis of productivity differences and analysis of different types, sizes and types of industries, this paper concludes with evidence of the paradox of productivity in Chinese exporters and reveals that there is a “productivity-export choice” in China’s foreign trade. Binary structure.