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目的了解浉河区农村一般人群乙肝疫苗纳入计划免疫后乙肝血清学状况,评价乙肝疫苗接种效果,调整乙肝控制策略。方法按照抽样方案要求,随机调查农村一般人群547人,进行问卷调查,并采集其血清进行HBsAg、抗—HBs和抗—HBC检测,对HBsAg阳性者同时进行HBe和抗—HBe的检测。结果浉河区农村一般人群标化后HBsAg阳性率为7.98%,抗-HBs阳性率为60.73%,HBV感染率为43.94%,14岁以下儿童HBsAg阳性率和HBV感染率低于15岁以上人群,抗-HBs阳性率高于15岁以上人群。结论通过14年乙肝疫苗的接种,浉河区农村已经由乙肝感染高流行区过渡到中等流行地区,14岁以下儿童处于低感染率、高免疫力水平,能有效阻断乙肝在儿童间的水平传播,但应提高新生儿乙肝疫苗首针及时接种率,阻断母婴传播。
Objective To understand the Hepatitis B serogroups status of Hepatitis B vaccine in the general rural population in Bahe District, assess the effect of Hepatitis B vaccination and adjust the Hepatitis B control strategy. Methods According to the requirements of sampling plan, 547 rural general population were randomly surveyed, and their sera were collected for detection of HBsAg, anti-HBs and anti-HBC, HBeAg and anti-HBe simultaneously. Results The positive rates of HBsAg, anti-HBs and anti-HBs were 7.98% and 43.94%, respectively. The HBsAg positive rate and HBV infection rate of children under 14 years old were lower than those over 15 years old , Anti-HBs positive rate higher than 15 years of age crowd. Conclusion Through the vaccination of hepatitis B vaccine for 14 years, the rural area of Bahe District has been transitioned from the high prevalence area of hepatitis B to the middle-endemic areas. Children under 14 years of age are in a low infection rate and high immunity level, which can effectively block the level of hepatitis B among children However, it should improve the prompt vaccination rate of newborn hepatitis B vaccine and block the transmission of mother-to-infant.