康德的全部哲学都是围绕“人是什么”这个问题展开的。如果说他的三部批判哲学著作提供的是一种“先验的人学” ,那么他的《实用人类学》就是一种“经验的人学”。康德哲学的人学旨趣体现在其形而上学、认识论、道德哲学、美学、逻辑学、方法论等各个方面。从其人学中 ,我们可以非常清楚地看出一种启蒙精神 :对人的自由的高扬 ,这构成了康德道德哲学乃至全部哲学的核心。在申述其自由理念的过程中 ,康德对近代以来流行的功利主义价值观展开了深刻的反省和批判 All of Kant’s philosophy revolves around the issue of “what is man”. If his three critical philosophical works provide a “transcendental anthropology,” then his “practical anthropology” is an “empirical anthropology.” Kant’s philosophy of human learning interest embodied in its metaphysics, epistemology, moral philosophy, aesthetics, logic, methodology and other aspects. From its anthropology, we can clearly see that the spirit of enlightenment: the promotion of human freedom constitutes the core of Kant’s moral philosophy and all philosophy. In the process of claiming his concept of freedom, Kant undertook profound introspection and criticism of the utilitarian values ​​prevailing in modern times