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目的：探讨ｐ５３ 基因蛋白和增殖细胞核抗原（ＰＣＮＡ）在大肠腺瘤的表达及其临床病理学意义。方法：用免疫组织化学方法，对４５ 例大肠腺瘤进行ｐ５３ 蛋白和ＰＣＮＡ的检测，并以大肠腺癌为对照。结果：ｐ５３ 蛋白在轻度不典型大肠腺瘤无一例阳性表达，随着腺瘤不典型增生程度增高，其ｐ５３ 蛋白阳性表达率也增高，重度不典型增生腺瘤与腺癌的ｐ５３ 蛋白阳性率差异无显著（Ｐ＜ ０．０５）。ＰＣＮＡ增殖指数也是随腺瘤不典型增生程度的增高而增高；ｐ５３ 蛋白阳性率与ＰＣＮＡ 增殖指数呈正相关（ｒｓ＝ ０．７４５）。结论：ｐ５３ 蛋白及ＰＣＮＡ 联合标记可作为判断大肠腺瘤癌变的重要指标之一。
Objective: To investigate the expression and clinical pathological significance of p53 gene protein and proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) in colorectal adenoma. Methods: Immunohistochemical method was used to detect p53 protein and PCNA in 45 cases of colorectal adenoma, and compared with colorectal adenocarcinoma. Results: There was no positive expression of p53 protein in mild atypical colorectal adenoma. With the increase of atypical hyperplasia of adenoma, the positive expression rate of p53 protein was also increased, and the positive rate of p53 protein in severe atypical hyperplasia adenoma and adenocarcinoma. The difference was not significant (P < 0.05). The proliferation index of PCNA was also increased with the increase of the atypical hyperplasia of adenomas; the positive rate of p53 protein was positively correlated with the proliferation index of PCNA (rs = 0.745). Conclusion: The combination of p53 protein and PCNA can be used as one of the important indicators for judging the carcinogenesis of colorectal adenomas.