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针对数控渐进成形中成形件厚度不均匀的问题,提出了一种基于倾斜轨迹的成形件厚度均匀化方法。该方法采用与水平面成一定角度的倾斜轨迹,使板料姿态在数控渐进成形过程中不断得到调整,进而调整曲面各处的成形角,使得曲面各处成形角差异减小,从而避免成形角过大的曲面因减薄过大而破裂,同时达到成形件厚度均匀化的目的。运用遗传算法通过优化用来生成倾斜轨迹的模型切割面姿态来优化倾斜轨迹姿态,进而生成出能够使曲面各处成形角差异最小化的最佳倾斜轨迹。基于水平轨迹和倾斜轨迹的数控渐进成形数字模拟分析和成形实验结果表明,该方法能使数控渐进成形件厚度差减小且成形件厚度均匀化。
In order to solve the problem of uneven thickness of forming parts in CNC progressive forming, a method of uniform thickness of forming parts based on inclined loci is proposed. In the method, a slant trajectory at an angle with the horizontal plane is adopted to continuously adjust the sheet attitude during the progressive forming process of the numerical control, and then the forming angle around the curved surface is adjusted so as to reduce the difference of forming angles around the curved surface so as to avoid forming angle Large surface due to excessive thinning and rupture, while achieving the purpose of uniform thickness forming parts. The genetic algorithm is used to optimize the attitude of the inclined trajectory by optimizing the attitude of the cutting surface used to generate the inclined trajectory, and then the optimal inclination trajectory is generated which can minimize the difference of the forming angle around the curved surface. The results of numerical simulation and shape experiment of numerical control progressive forming based on horizontal trajectories and inclined trajectories show that this method can reduce the thickness difference of progressive forming parts and reduce the thickness of forming parts.