天麻(Gastrodia elata BI.)地下块茎皮层内具三种染菌细胞:通道细胞、寄主细胞和消化细胞。超微结构的研究表明,通道细胞被真菌所破坏,寄主细胞与真菌保持共生关系,而消化细胞能反寄生于真菌并从真菌摄取营养。消化细胞首先释放溶酶体小泡消化真菌,然后通过内吞管和内吞泡吸收菌丝细胞质降解后渗漏的可溶性有机大分子物质,后期通过消化泡进一步吞噬和消化不溶性菌丝细胞壁物质。 Gastrodia elata BI has three types of bacterial cells in the underground tubercle: passage cells, host cells, and digestive cells. Ultrastructural studies have shown that channel cells are destroyed by fungi, that host cells maintain symbiotic relationships with fungi, and that digestive cells can back-parasitize fungi and take nutrients from fungi. The digested cells first release the lysosomal vesicles to digest the fungi, then absorb the soluble organic macromolecules that leak through the cytoplasm degradation of the mycelia through endocytosis and endocytosis, and later phagocytize and digest the insoluble mycelial cell wall substances through the digestive bubbles.