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目的研究空气污染物(PM_(10)、PM_(2.5)、SO_2、NO_2、CO、O_3)对出生缺陷发生的影响。方法收集太原市6个城区中怀孕日期为2013年、妊娠结局为出生缺陷的产妇为病例组,同时收集居住地址与病例组为同一街道办事处、妊娠结局为健康新生儿的产妇为对照组。用2013年太原市空气污染物每日平均浓度值估计孕期暴露水平。采用条件Logistic回归模型进行分析。结果怀孕中期PM_(10)和PM_(2.5)每增加1μg/m~3,发生出生缺陷的危险度分别为1.103(95%CI:1.088~1.118)、1.216(95%CI:1.187~1.245);怀孕后期PM_(10)和PM_(2.5)每增加1μg/m~3,发生出生缺陷的危险度分别为1.063(95%CI:1.053~1.074)、1.100(95%CI:1.084~1.115)。怀孕初期NO_2和O_3每增加1μg/m~3,发生出生缺陷的危险度分别为1.687(95%CI:1.570~1.812)、1.029(95%CI:1.022~1.036)。CO在怀孕初期和怀孕中期每增加1μg/m3,发生出生缺陷的危险度均为1.007(95%CI:1.006~1.008)。SO_2在怀孕初期、中期、后期,每增加1μg/m~3,发生出生缺陷的危险度分别为1.032(95%CI:1.022~1.042)、1.083(95%CI:1.071~1.096)、1.036(95%CI:1.029~1.043)。结论空气污染物与出生缺陷的发生有关。
Objective To study the effects of air pollutants (PM_ (10), PM_ (2.5), SO_2, NO_2, CO, O_3) on birth defects. Methods Six pregnant women in 6 districts of Taiyuan City were enrolled in this study. The pregnant women with the pregnancy outcome of 2013 were selected as the case group. At the same time, the same residential address was collected as the same subdistrict office in the case group. The pregnant women with healthy pregnancy outcome were the control group. Using the daily average air pollutants concentration in Taiyuan in 2013 to estimate the level of exposure during pregnancy. Logistic regression model was used to analyze. Results The risk of birth defects was 1.103 (95% CI: 1.088 ~ 1.118) and 1.216 (95% CI: 1.187 ~ 1.245) for every 1 μg / m ~ 3 of PM_ (10) and PM_ (2.5) The risk of birth defects was 1.063 (95% CI: 1.053 ~ 1.074) and 1.100 (95% CI: 1.084 ~ 1.115) for every 1 μg / m ~ 3 of PM_ (10) and PM_ (2.5) The risk of birth defects was 1.687 (95% CI: 1.570 ~ 1.812) and 1.029 (95% CI: 1.022 ~ 1.036) for every 1μg / m ~ 3 increase of NO_2 and O_3 in early stage of pregnancy. The risk of birth defects was 1.007 (95% CI: 1.006-1.008) for each additional 1 μg / m3 of CO during early pregnancy and mid-pregnancy. The risk of birth defects was 1.032 (95% CI: 1.022 ~ 1.042), 1.083 (95% CI: 1.071 ~ 1.096) and 1.036 (95% CI) for every SO2 added during the early, middle and late stages of pregnancy % CI: 1.029 ~ 1.043). Conclusion Air pollutants are related to birth defects.