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迄今为止我国民族院校外语专业教育发展仍是民族高等教育和高等外语教育研究领域的空白。本文考察了我国民族院校外语专业教育不同办学层次的发展历程。研究结果表明,我国民族院校外语专业教育在20世纪90年代中后期之前以专科教育为主,之后逐渐以本科教育为主,21世纪以来研究生教育积极发展。从民族高等教育学和高等外语教育学的双重视角来审视,民族院校外语专业教育发展存在办学层次不平衡、部分院校语种结构不合理、多数院校办学缺乏民族特色等问题。文章进而对我国民族院校外语专业教育的未来发展提出了具体建议:(1)采取不同着力点的多层次办学思路;(2)调整和优化语种结构,体现地缘语种优势特色;(3)教育内容和手段融合少数民族语言与文化,彰显民族院校外语专业教育的民族特色。
Up to now, the development of foreign language professional education in ethnic minority colleges and universities in our country remains a blank in the field of higher education for nationalities and higher foreign languages education. This article examines the development of foreign language education at different educational levels in our nationalities colleges. The results show that the major of foreign language education in ethnic minority colleges in our country was mainly junior college education before the middle and late 1990s, and then gradually undergraduate education. The postgraduate education has been actively developed since the 21st century. From the perspectives of ethnology higher education and higher foreign language pedagogy, the development of foreign language majors in ethnic colleges and universities is characterized by imbalance in schooling, irrational linguistic structure in some institutions and lack of national characteristics in most colleges and universities. The article then gives concrete suggestions on the future development of foreign language specialty education in ethnic minority colleges in China: (1) adopting a multi-level approach to school running with different focus points; (2) adjusting and optimizing linguistic structures to reflect the characteristics of geo-linguistic advantages; (3) Content and means of integration of ethnic languages and cultures, highlighting the national characteristics of foreign language education in ethnic institutions.