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目的了解中国城市儿童血清总Ig E的基线水平、Ig E介导的吸入性过敏率以及主要过敏原种类。方法根据地区、年龄和性别的不同,从中国居民营养与健康状况调查血清库中随机选取3~12岁城市儿童血清样本共计5 190例。采用酶联免疫法测定样本的总Ig E,并与实验室判定标准进行比较,采用免疫印迹法对总Ig E水平偏高的样本进行特异性Ig E检测。结果 14.5%(755/5 190)的3~12岁城市儿童总Ig E水平高于推荐标准值,总Ig E水平过高的城市儿童中,Ig E介导的吸入性过敏率为5.0%(260/5 190);1.8%(94/5 190)的儿童对多重过敏原具阳性反应;主要的吸入性过敏原为点青/分枝/烟曲/黑曲/交链霉组合,其次为狗毛皮屑和户尘螨。结论采用测定血清总Ig E和特异性Ig E,可初步对儿童吸入性过敏情况及主要引起过敏的过敏原种类进行筛查分析。
Objectives To understand the baseline levels of total serum IgE in Chinese urban children, Ig E-mediated inhalation allergy, and the major allergen species. Methods A total of 5 190 cases of urban children aged from 3 to 12 years were selected randomly from the database of nutrition and health status of Chinese residents according to the region, age and gender. The total Ig E of the samples was determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), and compared with the laboratory criteria. Specific Ig E was detected by Western blotting in samples with high total IgE levels. Results 14.5% (755/5 190) of total IgE in urban children aged 3 to 12 years was higher than the recommended standard. In urban children with high total IgE levels, IgE-mediated inhalation allergy was 5.0% 260/5 190); 1.8% (94/5 190) children had positive reactions to multiple allergens; the major inhaled allergens were adolescent / branch / tobacco / black song / cross streptomycetes, followed by Dog dander and house dust mites. Conclusion The determination of serum total Ig E and specific Ig E may be preliminary screening of children with allergic reactions and allergic allergens species.