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知情作证乃是法律上的通常规则 ,但并非绝对规则。美国证据法为了保护某些特殊的社会关系 ,规定基于某些特殊的信赖关系 ,相关人等有权拒绝作证或阻止他人作证。这种保密特权体现了法律的价值整合。当然 ,其仅限于某些特殊领域 ,并在适用上有限制性解释。我国相关立法对保密特权作出规定也是必要的 ,因其可以牺牲个案当事人的利益为合理代价来保护某些更为重要的社会关系。
Informed testimony is a general legal rule, but it is not an absolute rule. In order to protect certain special social relations, the American Evidence Act stipulates that the parties concerned have the right to refuse to testify or to stop others from testifying based on some special trust relationship. This privilege of confidentiality reflects the legal value integration. Of course, it is limited to certain special fields and there is a limited interpretation of its application. It is also necessary for our country’s relevant legislation to provide for the privilege of secrecy, as it protects some of the more important social relations at the expense of the individual client at a reasonable price.