弥漫性腹膜平滑肌瘤病(LPD)极罕见,为腹腔平滑肌多灶性增生。此病易误认为转移性恶性肿瘤,但予后佳良。本文介绍2例LPD,并结合文献所见12例加以讨论。病人全为妇女,大多处于生殖期,7例于妊娠期。瘤结之组织象与平滑肌瘤不无相同,但有时酷似高分化肉瘤。文中述及了鉴别诊断,但偶而需在电镜下方可确诊。经随访证实,大多数病例于走势手术后残存瘤结趋向自然消退,未见有转移,故宜采取保守治疗。关于组织发生,作者同意williams的解释,即使源于腹腔间皮下结缔组织,对卵巢激素刺激的异常反应所引起的多中心性病变。 Diffuse peritoneal leiomyoma (LPD) is extremely rare, multifocal abdominal smooth muscle hyperplasia. This disease is easily mistaken for metastatic malignancy, but after the good. This article describes two cases of LPD, combined with 12 cases discussed in the literature to be discussed. All patients were women, mostly in the reproductive period, 7 cases during pregnancy. Tumor knot and leiomyoma tissue like the same, but sometimes similar to highly differentiated sarcoma. The article mentioned the differential diagnosis, but occasionally need to be confirmed under the electron microscope. After follow-up confirmed that most of the cases in the trend of surgery residual tumor nodes tend to subside, no metastasis, it is appropriate to take conservative treatment. With regard to tissue development, the authors agree with Williams’ explanation that polycentric lesions are caused by abnormal responses to ovarian hormone stimulation even from subepithelial connective tissue.