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地方政府性债务是指国家地方机关以及事业单位和地方政府为了提供基础性、公益性服务而直接借入的贷款或者间接地为企业以及开发商提供担保从而形成的债务。这些债务分为直接债务、担保债务、政策性倒挂。近些年,随着经济的发展,国家中央以及地方性收入也有所提高,但是远远不能满足地方经济的发展需求。一些地方政府为了发展区域经济,在地方政府经济紧张的前提下,不断地扩展政府债务。国家审计署提供数据表明,地方债务连续增长已达到31.68%,远远高于地方生产总值的增加,这种经济倒挂现象已经引起了国家政府的注意。在2013年中央经济会议工作上,将控制地方债务规模,化解地方债务风险作为发展地方政府建设的重要项目之一。本文阐述了地方债务形成的原因、作用、风险,以及如果有效地规避,促进区域经济发展。
Local government debt refers to the debts that the local government agencies, public institutions and local governments borrow directly to provide basic and nonprofit services or indirectly provide guarantees for enterprises and developers. These debts are divided into direct debt, secured debt, policy upside down. In recent years, with the economic development, the central and local revenues of the country have also risen, but they are far from meeting the development needs of the local economy. In order to develop the regional economy, some local governments continue to expand their government debts under the premise of tight economic tensions of local governments. The data provided by the National Audit Office shows that the continuous growth of local debts has reached 31.68%, much higher than the increase of the GDP. This economic upside-down has drawn the attention of the national governments. In 2013, the central economic conference will control the scale of local debts and defuse local debt risks as one of the important projects for the development of local government. This article elaborates the causes, effects and risks of the formation of local debts and, if effectively avoided, promotes regional economic development.