目的研究等离子喷涂Al-Nb_2O_5铝热体系制备的AlNbO_4-Al_2O_3-NbO_x复合涂层的组织、力学性能和摩擦磨损性能。方法以Nb_2O_5粉和Al粉为原料,通过喷雾造粒制备复合粉,采用等离子喷涂技术喷涂Al-Nb_2O_5复合粉体,利用复合粉的自反应制备出含有AlNbO_4、Al_2O_3和NbO_x的复合陶瓷涂层。利用扫描电镜、EDS和XRD检测和分析复合涂层的组织和物相。用显微硬度计测定复合涂层的硬度,并用硬度压痕法测量裂纹扩展能(Gc)。用销盘式磨损试验机测定涂层在无润滑条件下的摩擦磨损性能。结果 XRD分析可知,复合涂层由AlNbO_4、Al_2O_3和NbO_x相组成,SEM显示涂层为交替分布的层片状组织。在28~32 k W功率范围内,随着喷涂功率的升高,涂层的硬度增加,喷涂功率为32 k W时,涂层硬度最高,为912HV0.1。随着喷涂功率的升高,涂层的裂纹扩展能先升高后降低,喷涂功率为30 k W时,涂层的裂纹扩展能最大,为14.14J/m2。摩擦系数随功率的升高先降低后保持不变,28 k W时,涂层的摩擦系数为0.7~0.8,30 k W和32 k W时,涂层的摩擦系数为0.5~0.6。磨损量随喷涂功率的增加先降低后升高,喷涂功率为30 k W时,涂层的磨损量最小。磨损后的试样进行SEM检测发现有明显的犁沟、凹槽和剥落。结论涂层具有由AlNbO_4、Al_2O_3和NbO_x相组成的交替分布的多相层片状组织。喷涂功率为30 k W时,复合涂层的性能最好。复合涂层的主要磨损机制为磨粒磨损和疲劳磨损。 Aim To study the microstructure, mechanical properties and friction and wear properties of AlNbO_4-Al_2O_3-NbO_x composite coatings prepared by plasma spraying Al-Nb_2O_5 aluminum thermal system. Methods The composite powders were prepared by spray granulation using Nb2O5 powder and Al powder as raw materials. The Al-Nb2O5 composite powders were sprayed by plasma spray technique. The composite coatings with AlNbO4, Al2O3 and NbOx were prepared by self-reaction of the composite powders. The microstructure and phase of composite coatings were detected and analyzed by SEM, EDS and XRD. The hardness of the composite coating was measured with a microhardness tester and the crack growth energy (Gc) was measured with a hardness indentation method. The pin-plate wear tester was used to determine the friction and wear properties of the coating under non-lubricated conditions. Results XRD analysis showed that the composite coatings consisted of AlNbO_4, Al_2O_3 and NbO_x phases. SEM showed that the coatings were alternately distributed lamellar structures. The hardness of the coatings increased with the increase of spraying power at 28 ~ 32kW power, and reached the highest hardness of 912HV0.1 at spraying powers of 32kW. With the increase of spraying power, the crack propagation in the coating increases firstly and then decreases, and the maximum crack propagation energy is 14.14J / m2 when the spraying power is 30kW. The coefficient of friction decreases first and then decreases with the increase of power, and the coefficient of friction of the coating is 0.5 ~ 0.6 when the coefficient of friction of the coating is 0.7 ~ 0.8, 30 k W and 32 k W at 28 k W. The amount of wear decreases first and then increases with the increase of spraying power. When the spraying power is 30 k W, the wear amount of the coating is the smallest. SEM testing of the worn samples revealed significant furrows, grooves and flaking. Conclusion The coatings have alternating multilayered lamellar structures consisting of AlNbO_4, Al_2O_3 and NbO_x phases. The composite coatings performed best at a spray power of 30 kW. The main wear mechanism of composite coating is abrasive wear and fatigue wear.