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目的通过对成人肋横突关节骨性关节面的形态学测量,探讨其形态特征规律为临床诊疗、置钉设计及相关生物力学研究提供理论依据。方法选取40套(80侧)成人胸廓干骨标本,进行相关指标观测,并按不同节段统计分析。结果横突肋凹横槽形仅见于T1和T2,凹面形T1~4渐增,平面形T5~9渐增,T11、T12基本无肋凹;横突肋凹上位T4~8渐增,中位T1~4渐增,T5~9由63.7%渐减到11.3%,下位T1~7渐减;肋结节关节面平面型呈正态分布,凸面型除R7外,均占23.0%~50.0%,凹面型R1、R2分别为27.5%、33.8%,其余分布极少,R11、R12基本无关节面;肋结节关节面仅R1出现上位,占10.0%,中位R1占80.0%,R3~11占3.8%~26.3%,下位R2~10占60%~96.2%。结论椎骨横突肋凹由凹到平、位置逐渐上移;肋结节关节面由凸变平位置逐渐下移;临床应用应根据1~12肋的相关参数选取适合的治疗方案。
OBJECTIVE: To provide a theoretical basis for clinical diagnosis, nail design and related biomechanical studies through morphological measurement of the osteoarticular surface of the adult transverse processus osteotomis. Methods Thirty adult (80 sides) adult thoracic stem specimens were selected for the observation of relevant indexes and statistically analyzed according to different segments. Results Transverse ribs were only found on T1 and T2, T1 to T4, T5 to T9 gradually increased, T11 and T12 were basically rib-free, T4 to 8 increased gradually, T5 ~ 9 gradually decreased from 63.7% to 11.3% and T1 ~ 7 decreased gradually. The planar nodules of the nodules showed a normal distribution except for R7, which accounted for 23.0% ~ 50.0 %, The concave type R1, R2 were 27.5%, 33.8%, the rest of the distribution is minimal, R11, R12 basically no articular surface; rib nodules articular surface only R1, 10.0%, R1 accounted for 80.0%, R3 ~ 11 accounted for 3.8% ~ 26.3%, lower R2 ~ 10 accounted for 60% ~ 96.2%. Conclusions The rib of the transverse process of the vertebral body is concave and flat, and the position of the rib is gradually shifted upward. The articular surface of the rib nodule is gradually shifted down from the convex and flat position. The clinical application should be based on the relevant parameters of 1 ~ 12 ribs to select the appropriate treatment.