施测与评分是考试过程中的一个重要环节。科学化考试设计和试题编制过程中所做的大量工作,都是为一个多小时的考试和以后的评分工作作准备的。施初与评分工作一旦疏忽,就会出现难以补救的后果,而这一阶段又很容易出现差错。根据湘潭市命题科学化实验中的具体情况,我们认为科学化考试的施测与评分,应注意以下几个问题,才能尽可能消除各种随机误差的影响。 1.确定好考试对象,使应该参加考试的学生在考前做好功课和心理上的准备,以便学生能积极的和信心百倍的参加考试。小学数学毕业考试,是在一定范围内统一进行的,因而不能对考生作任何挑选,只要告诉学生什么时候考试就行。但有的考试,只要求取全体学生中的一个样本参加。湘潭市最近组织的这个试测,就属于这种类型。为保证取样的代表性,较常 Testing and scoring are an important part of the examination process. Many of the work done in the design of scientific examinations and the compilation of test questions are preparations for more than one hour of examinations and subsequent scoring work. Once the initial application and scoring work is neglected, it will be difficult to remedy the consequences, and this stage is very easy to make mistakes. According to the specific conditions in scientific experiments of Xiangtan’s proposition, we believe that the following questions should be paid attention to in the measurement and scoring of scientific examinations in order to eliminate the effects of random errors as much as possible. 1. Determine the test subjects so that the students who should take the test do their homework and psychological preparation before the test so that the students can take the test actively and confidently. Primary school mathematics graduation exams are conducted within a certain range. Therefore, candidates cannot be selected as long as they tell the students when they will take the exam. However, some exams require only one sample from all students. The recent test organized by Xiangtan City falls into this category. To ensure the representativeness of the sampling, it is more common