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目的:分析药品不良反应(ADR)的发生情况、发生特点及相关因素,为临床合理用药提供参考。方法:对2013年收集并上报的208例ADR,分别从性别与年龄、给药途径、因果关系评价、报告人职业分布、涉及的药品种类、累及的器官或系统及临床表现等方面进行统计、分析。结果:208例ADR报告中,40岁以上的中老年患者所占比例最大,占76.92%;女患者构成比略高,占51.44%;静脉滴注引起ADR为144例(69.23%);涉及的药品中,抗肿瘤药物、抗感染药物、心血管系统用药致ADR构成比高;ADR临床主要表现为皮肤及其附件损害(55例)、全身性损害(50例)、血小板和出血凝血障碍(46例)。结论:抗肿瘤药物、抗感染药物、心血管系统用药是ADR监测的重点药物,医药护要共同努力,加强特殊人群和重点药物的ADR监测,提高合理用药水平,减少药源性疾病的发生。
Objective: To analyze the occurrence, occurrence characteristics and related factors of Adverse Drug Reactions (ADRs) and provide references for clinical rational drug use. Methods: A total of 208 ADRs collected and reported in 2013 were statistically analyzed in terms of gender and age, route of administration, causality evaluation, occupational distribution of reporters, types of drugs involved, organ or systemic and clinical manifestations involved, analysis. Results: Among the 208 ADR cases, the proportion of middle-aged and elderly patients over the age of 40 accounted for 76.92%, the proportion of female patients was slightly higher (51.44%), and the ADR caused by intravenous drip was 144 (69.23%). Drugs, anticancer drugs, anti-infectives, cardiovascular system drug induced high ADR composition; ADR clinical manifestations of skin and its annex damage (55 cases), systemic injury (50 cases), platelet and hemorrhage coagulation disorders 46 cases). Conclusion: Antineoplastic drugs, anti-infective drugs and cardiovascular system drugs are the key drugs for ADR monitoring. Medical care should work together to strengthen the ADR monitoring of special populations and key drugs to improve rational drug use and reduce the occurrence of drug-induced diseases.