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在衰老、脑血管疾病和神经变性疾病等生理和病理过程中,氧化损伤发挥着重要作用,机体为了生存必须形成一整套防御机制以保护其免受过氧化损伤。血红素加氧酶是对于细胞自身功能稳定起重要作用的防御酶,血红素加氧酶-1的抗氧化功能部分与其阻止游离血红素参与氧化反应有关,而其代谢产物即CO、胆红素和转铁蛋白均有抗氧化功能,是血红素加氧酶发挥抗炎、抗氧化、抗凋亡和抗增生功能的主要效应分子。血红素加氧酶系统不仅具有重要的生理功能,还参与神经系统疾病的病理生理过程,有效调控其表达有可能成为预防和治疗相关疾病的新策略。现综述血红素加氧酶同工酶的功能及其在衰老、脑血管疾病和神经变性疾病等神经系统疾病中的作用及调控血红素加氧酶系统的药物。
In the physiological and pathological processes such as aging, cerebrovascular disease and neurodegenerative diseases, oxidative damage plays an important role. In order to survive, the body must form a set of defense mechanisms to protect it from peroxidation damage. Heme oxygenase is a defensive enzyme that plays an important role in stabilizing the cell’s own function. The antioxidant function of heme oxygenase-1 is related to its inhibition of the participation of free heme in the oxidation reaction, and its metabolites CO, bilirubin And transferrin have anti-oxidant function, which is the main effector of heme oxygenase exerting anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidation, anti-apoptosis and anti-proliferative functions. Heme oxygenase system not only has important physiological functions, but also participates in the pathophysiological process of nervous system diseases. The effective regulation of its expression may become a new strategy for prevention and treatment of diseases. The functions of heme oxygenase isozymes and their roles in neurological diseases such as aging, cerebrovascular disease and neurodegenerative diseases and the drugs that regulate the heme oxygenase system are summarized.