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斜纹夜蛾Prodenia litura是我国重要害虫之一,以往很少发生,1958年全国范围内大发生,以长江流域和黄河流域各省发生的密度最大(束炎南,1959)。福建省自1956年后,曾三次大发生,仅1960年福州市郊被害的蔬菜即达三万余亩,南平和厦门两市的郊区也有数千亩遭到不同程度的为害,严重地影响了城市的蔬菜供应。 笔者针对上述情况,自1958—1960年,以福州市郊蔬菜区和福建农学院农场为基地,进行了斜纹夜蛾田间发生规律的观察调查,结合室内饲养,三年来获得一些结果,现整理报导如下。 一、寄主植物及为害情况 斜纹夜蛾的食性很杂,在室内饲养的情况下,能食害99料200多种植物(章士美等,1959);在福建省的自然条件下,天然寄主有20科48种。其中以旋花科的空心菜(Ipomoca aquatica Forsk.)、甘薯(Ipomocabatatas Lam.)和天南星料的芋头(Colocasia esculenta(L.)Schott.)为主,其次是十字花料的甘蓝(Brassicaoleracea L.var.Capitata L.)和禾本科的水稻、小麦。 斜纹夜蛾幼虫主要取食寄生的叶片,间或为害幼茎、花或果实等。在虫口密度小的情况下,仅取食寄主的叶片成缺刻;大发生时,能把叶片吃光,或咬断叶柄,仅剩茎杆。1960年7、8月间,福州市郊有数千亩空心菜,叶片被食殆尽,几乎无收。为害大白菜或甘蓝时,
Prodenia litura is one of the most important pests in our country. In the past, Prodenia litura occurred rarely in the past. It occurred in 1958 in China, with the highest density occurring in the provinces of the Yangtze River and Yellow River (1959). Fujian Province has experienced three major occurrences since 1956. Only 30,000 acres of vegetables were killed in the suburbs of Fuzhou in 1960, and thousands of mu of the suburbs of Nanping and Xiamen also suffered varying degrees of damage, which seriously affected the cities The vegetable supply. In response to the above situation, from 1958 to 1960, based on the vegetables in Fuzhou suburbs and Fujian Agricultural College farm as a base, conducted a survey of the occurrence of Spodoptera litura in the field, combined with indoor rearing, to obtain some results over the past three years, now finishing reports are as follows . First, the host plant and the damage situation Spodoptera litura is very complex diet, feeding indoors under the circumstances, can eat 99 more than 200 kinds of plants (Zhang Shimei et al., 1959); natural conditions in Fujian Province, the natural host has 20 families 48 species. Among them, Ipomoca aquatica Forsk., Ipomocabatatas Lam. And Colocasia esculenta (L.) Schott., Followed by the cruciferous cabbage Brassica oleracea L.var Capitata L.) and gramineous rice and wheat. Spodoptera louse larvae feed on the main parasitic leaves, or young stem damage, flowers or fruit and so on. In the case of insect population density is small, only feeding the host leaves into a notch; large occurs, the leaves can eat light, or biting off the petiole, leaving only the stem. July and August 1960, Fuzhou suburb of thousands of acres of spinach, leaves were exhausted, almost no income. Damage to Chinese cabbage or cabbage,