感染发热在小儿疾病中占首位,而病毒性感染占90％以上。贵州省某医院曾对住院小儿做尿细胞学检查,根据包涵体细胞阳性,结合血象及临床症状被诊断为巨细胞包涵体病(17.89％);对门诊的发热,经抗菌药治疗数日无效者做选择性尿检后,发现包涵体细胞阳性率高达50％。采用聚肌胞进行抗病毒治疗,结果多数患儿体温在12～48h内恢复正常,症状逐渐消失。能引起人类患病的病毒种类极多,仅感冒病毒就有上百种,要明确病毒的型类,尚不现实。所以,无确切细菌感染或其它疾病的小儿发热应采用抗病毒治疗为 Infectious fever accounts for the highest in pediatric diseases, while viral infections account for more than 90%. A hospital in Guizhou Province had a urinary cytology examination of infants who were diagnosed as giant cell inclusion body disease (17.89%) on the basis of inclusion body somatic cells positive, blood clotting and clinical symptoms. For outpatient fever, the antibacterial treatment for several days was invalid After selective urine test, found that the positive rate of inclusion body somatic cells up to 50%. The use of polyarterial antiviral therapy, the results of most children with body temperature returned to normal within 12 ~ 48h, the symptoms gradually disappear. A wide range of viruses that can cause illness in humans, there are hundreds of influenza virus alone, to identify the type of virus is not yet realistic. Therefore, no specific bacterial infection or other diseases in children with anti-viral therapy should be used