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称谓词按使用范围可分为亲属称谓和社交称谓两类.汉语和英语对于这两类称谓词的使用都有些明显的区别.下面从三个方面论述.一、汉英亲属称谓的比较;二、汉英社交称谓的比较;三、汉英亲属称谓和社交称谓引申用法的比较.一、汉英亲属称谓的比较从亲属成员称谓的区分看,英语只分性别,不分长幼(有的称谓连性别也不分,如cousin).汉语除了分性别、长幼、排行外,还要分父系和母系.例如:uncle:伯父、叔父、舅父、姑父、姨父等.aunt:伯母、婶母、舅母、姑、姨等.brother:哥哥、弟弟.sister:姐姐、妹妹.cousin:堂(表)兄弟姐妹.
Appellation according to the scope of use can be divided into two categories of relatives and social appellation.Chinese and English for the use of these two types of appellations are some significant differences.The following is discussed from three aspects.A Chinese and English relatives appellation comparison; , Comparison of Chinese and English social appellations; Third, comparison of Chinese and English kinship terms and social appellation extended usage comparison of Chinese and English kinship terms From the distinction of relatives appellation, English is only divided into genders, regardless of age (some For example: uncle: uncle, uncle, uncle, uncle, uncle, etc. Aunt: aunt, aunt, aunt, Aunt, aunt, aunt, etc.brother: brother, brother.Sister: sister, sister.Cousin: Church (table) brothers and sisters.