目的探讨肾囊肿穿刺硬化术联合后腹腔肾囊肿去顶减压术的疗效观察,以减少术后复发,指导临床治疗。方法选取2010年1月至2014年12月5年间本院收治的122例肾囊肿患者,根据治疗方式不同分为2组:观察组65例行穿刺硬化术联合后腹腔镜肾囊肿去顶术,对照组57例行后腹腔镜肾囊肿去顶术。记录并比较2组的手术时间,术中出血量,住院时间,术后并发症及复发率。结果 122例肾囊肿均成功实施后腹腔镜下手术治疗,无1例中转开放手术。观察组手术时间(55.1±3.6)min,术中出血量(30.2±5.2)m L,住院时间(6.1±1.6)d;对照组手术时间(32.5±2.6)min,术中出血量(28.5±4.8)m L,住院时间(5.9±1.3),除手术时间之外,余差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05),2组均无迟发性出血、尿漏和切口感染等并发症,但治疗组有3例术后出现肾绞痛,治疗组无一例术后复发,对照组5例复发,复发率为8.8%。结论穿刺硬化术联合后腹腔镜肾囊肿去顶术较单纯的后腹腔镜肾囊肿去顶术治疗效果满意,术后复发率低,值得临床推广。 Objective To investigate the curative effect of renal cyst puncture sclerosis combined with retroperitoneal renal cyst decompression to reduce postoperative recurrence and guide clinical treatment. Methods 122 cases of renal cysts treated in our hospital from January 2010 to December 2014 were divided into two groups according to the different treatment methods: 65 cases in the observation group were treated by puncture sclerosis combined with retroperitoneal laparoscopic renal cyst debridement, Control group 57 cases of retroperitoneal laparoscopic renal cyst debridement. The operation time, intraoperative blood loss, length of hospital stay, postoperative complications and recurrence rate were recorded and compared. Results 122 cases of renal cysts were successfully implemented after laparoscopic surgery, no case of 1 case of open surgery. The operative time (55.1 ± 3.6) min, intraoperative blood loss (30.2 ± 5.2) m L and hospitalization time (6.1 ± 1.6) days in the observation group were significantly lower than those in the control group (32.5 ± 2.6) 4.8) m L and length of hospital stay (5.9 ± 1.3). There were no significant differences in residuals except operation time (P> 0.05). No complications such as delayed bleeding, urinary leakage and incision infection were found in the two groups. However, there were 3 cases of renal colic in the treatment group, no recurrence in the treatment group and 5 cases in the control group. The recurrence rate was 8.8%. Conclusion Laparotomy combined with retroperitoneal laparoscopic nephrectomy is more effective than simple retroperitoneoscopic renal cyst debridement. The postoperative recurrence rate is low, which is worthy of clinical promotion.