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基于多次对北京房山区河套沟地区的的黑龙关庙会及其村落的田野调查所得,文章着重关注社会变迁对多村落间交往模式的影响。作为地区中心型庙会,黑龙关庙会由多村落联合举办,其在“河套沟”文化空间及景观的仪式建构中具有根本性的意义。文章从横向/纵向情境、竞争性/非竞争性、表达性/工具性三个维度对“走会”与“献会”进行区隔,希冀借此对“河套沟”内部间及外部村落的交往模式和结构进行透析。在此基础上,对“仪式性馈赠”的概念进行界定与分析,探讨作为一种“仪式性馈赠”机制,它们对传统村落生活中社会关系网的凝结以及区域社会中地方认同感的缔结起到了怎样的作用;伴随着社会变迁及现代化的进程,在这样一种结构化的交往模式及交换体系中,是什么使得它在其发生的场域中依然呈现出结构化的功能特征。
Based on multiple field surveys of the Heilongguan temple and its villages in the Hetaogou area of Fangshan District in Beijing, the article focuses on the impact of social changes on the patterns of multi-village exchanges. As a regional center-type temple fair, Helonguan Temple Fair is jointly held by many villages and has a fundamental meaning in the ritual construction of “Hetao Gully” cultural space and landscape. The paper divides the “walk” and “offer” from the three dimensions of horizontal / vertical situation, competitive / noncompetitive, expressive / instrumental, Internal and external villages of the contact mode and structure of dialysis. On the basis of this, we define and analyze the concept of “ritual gift” as a “ritual gift ” mechanism, which condenses the social network in the traditional village life and the local identity in the regional society What kind of effect does this sense of concluding? With the social changes and the process of modernization, what makes it still has a structured function in the field where it occurs in such a structured mode of exchange and exchange? feature.