论文部分内容阅读
早在200多年以前,化学家就知道木材中的纤维素可转化成糖,同时还懂得从纤维素中分解出来的糖是大量生产乙醇的决定因素。但经常碰到的是酒精的成本问题。目前研究人员即将研制出一种能与其它原料生产的乙醇相竞争的燃料级乙醇。例如:美国田纳西流域管理局(TVA)的国营肥料发展中心有一种新工艺可以把阔叶材转化成乙醇,每加仑约1.40美元,而现在无水乙醇的价格在2美元以上。纽约大学的研究人员说,他们有一种具有竞争力并易于得到商业者支持的工艺,其他人正在向类似的目标努力。
As early as 200 years ago, chemists knew that the cellulose in wood could be converted into sugars, and that sugars that decomposed from cellulose were the decisive factors for the mass production of ethanol. But often encountered is the cost of alcohol. Researchers are currently developing a fuel-grade ethanol that can compete with ethanol produced by other raw materials. For example, the State-owned Fertilizer Development Center of the Tennessee Valley Authority (TVA) in the United States has a new process that can convert hardwood into ethanol at about $1.40 per gallon, and now the price of anhydrous ethanol is above $2. Researchers at New York University say they have a process that is competitive and easily supported by commercialists. Others are working toward similar goals.