目的了解广西2012年流行性乙型脑炎(简称乙脑)的流行病学特征,为有效防控乙脑提供科学依据。方法对2012年法定传染病报告系统的数据资料进行描述性分析。结果 2012年广西共报告乙脑病例71例,死亡4例,发病率为0.15/10万,死亡率为0.01/10万,病死率为5.63%;广西乙脑的发病率和死亡率均处于历史较低水平,目前疫情呈高度散发状态。病例主要集中在河池、玉林、贵港、南宁和来宾等市,发病季节性明显,5~8月为流行季节,以10岁以下年龄组儿童发病为主,无向大年龄移位趋势。结论广西乙脑发病总体控制在历史较低水平,但仍存在局部暴发流行的隐患,今后要继续采取疫苗常规免疫和季节性突击接种相结合的措施,确保在8月龄~10岁儿童间形成较高的免疫覆盖率。 Objective To understand the epidemiological characteristics of epidemic encephalitis B in Guangxi in 2012 and to provide a scientific basis for effective prevention and control of encephalitis B. Methods A descriptive analysis was conducted on the data of legal notifiable infectious diseases reporting system in 2012. Results A total of 71 JE cases were reported in Guangxi in 2012, with a death rate of 0.15 / 100 000 and a mortality rate of 0.01 / 100,000. The case fatality rate was 5.63%. The incidence and death rate of JE in Guangxi were both in history Lower level, the current epidemic was highly distributed. The cases were mainly located in Hechi, Yulin, Guigang, Nanning and other cities. The seasonal incidence was obvious and the epidemic season was from May to August. The incidence of children aged less than 10 years was the main trend, with no major shift in age. Conclusion The overall control of the incidence of JE in Guangxi is at a historically low level, but there are still some hidden dangers of local outbreaks. In the future, routine vaccination and seasonal vaccination should continue to be adopted to ensure the formation of children between the ages of 8 months and 10 years Higher immunization coverage.