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目的探讨新型有轨电车工程与传统地下轨道交通项目职业病危害因素识别、评价方面的相同和不同点。方法选取2013—2015年某市新建的新型有轨电车项目和新运行的地铁线路,采用现场职业卫生调查、检验检测法等方法,分析两类项目存在的职业病危害因素及相关的防护措施。结果与传统的地下轨道交通项目相比,新型有轨电车项目职业病危害因素种类较少,粉尘、噪声、化学毒物、工频电场等职业病危害因素的浓度和强度危害较轻。结论新型有轨电车项目的职业病危害相比于一般轨道交通行业更为轻微,在职业卫生日常管理上应该和传统地下轨道交通项目予以区别。
Objective To explore the similarities and differences in the identification and evaluation of occupational hazards between the new tramway project and the traditional underground rail transit project. Methods A new type of tram project and a newly-run subway line from 2013 to 2015 in a city were selected to analyze occupational hazards and related protective measures in two types of projects by adopting on-the-spot occupational health survey, inspection and testing methods. Results Compared with the traditional underground rail transit project, there are few occupational hazards in the new tram project. The concentration and intensity of occupational hazards such as dust, noise, chemical poisons and power frequency electric fields are less harmful. Conclusion The occupational hazards of the new tram project are even lower than those of the general rail transit industry and should be distinguished from the traditional underground rail transit projects in the daily management of occupational health.