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目的分析苏州地区喘息性疾病患儿的过敏状况,有助于临床早期干预治疗。方法采用UniCAP全自动检测仪,对404例喘息性疾病患儿和268例非喘息性疾病患儿进行过敏原特异性IgE测定,并对105例喘息性疾病患儿同时行皮肤点刺试验。结果喘息性疾病患儿血清过敏原阳性率为40.1%,其中支气管哮喘组为77.9%,反复咳喘组(<3岁)为49.4%,均明显高于对照组(均P<0.05)。吸入性过敏原阳性率随年龄增长呈递增的趋势,食物性过敏原阳性率以1～3岁组最高。城区患儿吸入性过敏原阳性率明显高于郊区(P<0.05)。两种检测方法对尘螨过敏原检出率的差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),对牛奶过敏原检测的符合率较低(P<0.05)。结论儿童喘息性疾病可能与过敏相关,通过血清过敏原的测定,能了解患儿过敏原状况,为疾病的诊治提供依据。
Objective To analyze the allergic status of children with asthmatic diseases in Suzhou and to facilitate early clinical intervention. Methods UniCAP automatic detector was used to detect allergen-specific IgE in 404 asthmatic children and 268 non-asthmatic children. Skin prick tests were also performed on 105 asthmatic children. Results The positive rate of serum allergen in asthmatic children was 40.1%, including 77.9% in bronchial asthma group and 49.4% in recurrent cough group (<3 years old), which were significantly higher than those in control group (all P <0.05). The positive rate of inhaled allergens showed an increasing trend with age, and the positive rate of food allergens was the highest in 1 ~ 3 years old group. The positive rate of inhaled allergens in urban areas was significantly higher than that in suburbs (P <0.05). There was no significant difference in the detection rate of dust mite allergens between the two methods (P> 0.05), but the coincidence rate of milk allergen was lower (P <0.05). Conclusions Children wheezing diseases may be related to allergy. By measuring serum allergens, children’s allergen status can be understood and the basis for disease diagnosis and treatment can be provided.