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目的 :为了研究甲状腺腺瘤声像图的特征与病理学改变的关系 ,提高甲状腺腺瘤的超声诊断水平。方法 :对 10 0例 132个甲状腺腺瘤术前超声检查和术后病理检查结果进行回顾性对照分析。结果 :甲状腺腺瘤超声声像图上可分为实质结节型、混合结节型和囊性结节型 3种 ,混合结节型最多见 ,占 73.5 % ;4 0 .2 %的瘤体周边伴低回声晕环 ;病理组织学以滤泡性腺瘤最多 ,非典型腺瘤和乳头状腺瘤少见。结论 :甲状腺腺瘤声像图表现为甲状腺不大或局部增大 ;右侧叶、单一孤立结节多见 ;混合性结节型占大多数 ;瘤体有明显的边界、完整的包膜 ,内部实质回声多稍增强 ;部分伴有边缘低回声晕环。实性结节与混合结节型与病理组织类型直接关联 ,和大体病理结构改变有关 ;而边缘低回声晕环与腺瘤周边的小血管环绕、包膜外腺组织水肿、黏液性变、受压萎缩退化及包膜本身等多因素有关。囊性结节型的病理组织类型为乳头状腺瘤 ,有乳头状隆起病灶的需注意恶性变。
Objective: To study the relationship between the features of thyroid adenoma sonograms and pathological changes, and to improve the ultrasound diagnosis of thyroid adenomas. Methods : A retrospective comparative analysis of the results of preoperative ultrasonography and postoperative pathological examination was performed on 100 cases of 132 thyroid adenomas. RESULTS: Ultrasonographic images of thyroid adenomas were classified into three types: parenchymal nodules, mixed nodules and cystic nodules. Mixed nodules were the most common, accounting for 73.5%; 40.2% of the tumors. Peripheral with low echo halo; pathological histology with follicular adenomas, atypical adenomas and papillary adenomas rare. Conclusion: The thyroid adenoma showed little or no enlargement of the thyroid gland; the right lobe and single isolated nodules were more common; the mixed nodules accounted for the majority; the tumor had obvious boundary and complete envelope. There is a slight increase in the echo of internal realism; some are accompanied by low-echo halo around the edges. Solid nodules and mixed nodules are directly associated with pathological tissue types, and are associated with gross pathological changes; while low-epihalous halo around the edges and surrounding small vessels around the adenoma, edema of the outer capsule, mucinous changes, and Pressure atrophy and the envelope itself and other factors. The pathological type of cystic nodular type is papillary adenoma, and there is a need for attention to malignancy in papillary bulge lesions.