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针对铁路路基病害进行快速、无损、连续检测的需求,根据探地雷达探测原理,研制铁路路基病害无损检测车载探地雷达系统。该系统由轨道车、收发一体天线、采集仪、电池和测量轮组成。轨道车速为40km.h-1时,可沿铁路走向实现间隔0.17 m的连续采样测量。车速越慢,横向测量间隔越小,探测分辨率越高。选用500 MHz天线进行探测时,深度方向探测分辨率可达0.1 m。利用研制的雷达系统沿铁路走向在轨枕正上方和路肩区的现场检测结果表明:来自钢轨的连续反射信号和轨枕的多次反射信号,压制路基基床的有效反射信号,使探测剖面信噪比大大降低,但经预测反褶积和带通滤波去噪处理后,剖面信噪比明显提高。对胶济铁路病害区的实测结果表明,该系统对路基病害分布和空间形态具有良好的探测能力。
According to the requirement of rapid, non-destructive and continuous detection of railway subgrade disease, a ground penetrating radar system for railway subgrade disease non-destructive testing is developed according to the principle of ground penetrating radar detection. The system consists of rail car, send and receive integrated antenna, collector, battery and measuring wheel composition. At rail speeds of 40 km h -1, continuous sampling measurements of 0.17 m apart can be made along the railroad track. The slower the speed, the smaller the horizontal measurement interval, the higher the detection resolution. When using a 500 MHz antenna for probing, the depth-direction probing resolution is up to 0.1 m. The results of on-the-spot inspection above the sleepers and shoulder area along the railway using the developed radar system show that the continuous reflection signal from the rail and the multi-reflection signal of the sleeper suppress the effective reflection signal of the subgrade bed so that the signal-to-noise ratio Greatly reduced, but after the prediction of deconvolution and band-pass filtering denoising, the profile of signal to noise ratio increased significantly. The measured results of the disease area of Jiaoji Railway show that the system has a good detection ability for the distribution and spatial morphology of the subgrade diseases.