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目的:探讨中药芪蓝颗粒阻癌抑癌的作用机制。方法:SD大鼠150只,随机分为A、B、C、D、E共5组,A、B、C、D组用0.002%4NQO制备大鼠舌癌变模型,其中B、C、D组在制备模型的同时,用不同剂量芪蓝颗粒进行干预,A组为模型对照组,E组为正常对照组。各组于中药干预的9、18、27、36周时分别处死7只动物,取舌组织光镜下观察其病理变化,并采用免疫组化技术检测各组增殖细胞核抗原(PCNA)的表达,数据采用SPSS13.0软件包进行χ2检验和Kruskal-Wallis秩和检验。结果:A组总体癌变率高达39.29%,明显高于B(14.29%)、C(3.57%)、D(14.29%)组(P<0.05)。而A组6例正常口腔黏膜组织中PCNA蛋白没有阳性表达,11例异型增生组织中8例阳性表达,11例口腔癌变组织则全部为阳性表达。A组中PCNA的表达从正常口腔黏膜→各级异型增生→癌变,其阳性表达率呈递增趋势,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。在大鼠异常增生舌组织中,A组的PCNA阳性表达率为8/11,显著高于B(6/15)、C(4/14)、D(3/13)组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。在大鼠舌癌组织中,A组与中药干预组之间PCNA的阳性表达率均为100%,差异无统计学差异(P>0.05)。在总体实验动物中,A组PCNA阳性表达显著高于中药干预组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。E组PCNA蛋白表达均为阴性。结论:芪蓝颗粒具有明显的抑癌阻癌效果,可能通过下调细胞中PCNA的表达水平,进而降低细胞增殖能力,起到阻断癌变的作用。
Objective: To explore the mechanism of Qilan Granule in preventing and treating cancer. Methods: 150 Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into 5 groups (A, B, C, D and E). The models of tongue carcinogenesis were made by 0.002% 4NQO in groups A, B, C and D, In the preparation of the model, with different doses of Qilan Granules intervention, A group model control group, E group as the normal control group. Seven rabbits were sacrificed at 9th, 18th, 27th and 36th weeks after intervention with Chinese herbs. The pathological changes of tongue tissues were observed under light microscope. The expression of proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) in each group was detected by immunohistochemistry. SPSS13.0 software package for the χ2 test and Kruskal-Wallis rank sum test. Results: The overall canceration rate of group A was as high as 39.29%, significantly higher than that of group B (14.29%), C (3.57%) and D (14.29%) (P <0.05). However, there was no positive expression of PCNA protein in 6 cases of normal oral mucosa in group A, 8 cases in 11 cases of dysplasia and 11 cases of oral cancerous tissues. The expression of PCNA in group A was increased from normal oral mucosa → dysplasia at all levels to carcinogenesis (P <0.01). The positive expression rate of PCNA showed an increasing trend. The positive expression rate of PCNA in group A was 8/11 in the group of abnormal proliferation of rat tongue, which was significantly higher than that in group B (6/15), C (4/14) and D (3/13) Significance (P <0.05). In rat tongue cancer tissues, the positive expression rate of PCNA between group A and TCM intervention group was 100%, with no significant difference (P> 0.05). In the total experimental animals, the positive expression of PCNA in group A was significantly higher than that in traditional Chinese medicine group (P <0.05). E group PCNA protein expression were negative. Conclusion: Qilan Granule has obvious anti-tumor and anti-cancer effects, which may play a role in blocking canceration by down-regulating the expression of PCNA in cells and further reducing cell proliferation.