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目的了解生活在北纬53°27’40″~53°29’30″高寒地区世居汉族人的生理特征及多发常见疾病。方法采用整体取样。研究对象纳入标准为:18岁及18岁以上;至少三代生活在该地区,无异民族婚配者。通过现场问卷调查、常规体检和生化指标测定,获得研究对象的人口学、人体学资料和血清生化参数。结果该地区总人口有2 806人,18岁及18岁以上人口有1 145人,本次参加者1 064人,未参加者81人,占该年龄段人口总数93%,男性489人(45.96%),平均年龄(48.8±13.5)岁;女性575人(54.04%),平均年龄(47.1±13.8)岁。经常吸烟、饮酒人数分别为29.23%和18.14%。男性收缩压和舒张压水平均高于女性,分别为(126±16)mm Hg比(120±22)mm Hg和(83±10)mm Hg比(77±13)mm Hg(P<0.001)。男性TG、AST、ALT、GGT和UA水平高于女性(P<0.01)。常见疾病有高血压(22.84%),肥胖(19.68%),高三酰甘油血症(18.74%),高胆固醇血症(17.12%)和脑卒中(4.63%)。结论初步结果表明,超重、肥胖及脂代谢紊乱是该人群主要生理特征;肥胖和经常大量饮酒是心脑血管病高发的主要病因之一;较低动脉血氧饱和度是代谢综合征的主要危险因素。
Objective To understand the physiological characteristics and common diseases of the Han nationality living in the cold areas of 53 ° 27’40 “~ 53 ° 29’30” north latitude. Method using the whole sample. The inclusion criteria of the study subjects were: 18 years old and above; at least three generations of living in the region, no different ethnic marriage. Through field survey, routine physical examination and biochemical determination, demographic, anthropological data and serum biochemical parameters were obtained. As a result, there were 2,806 people in the area, 1,145 people aged 18 and over, 1 064 participants and 81 non-participants, accounting for 93% of the total population in this age group and 489 men (45.96 %), Mean age (48.8 ± 13.5) years; female 575 (54.04%), mean age (47.1 ± 13.8) years old. Regular smoking and drinking were 29.23% and 18.14% respectively. The systolic and diastolic blood pressure were significantly higher in men than in women (126 ± 16 mm Hg vs 120 ± 22 mm Hg vs 83 ± 10 mm Hg vs 77 ± 13 mm Hg, P <0.001) . The levels of TG, AST, ALT, GGT and UA in males were higher than those in females (P <0.01). Common diseases are hypertension (22.84%), obesity (19.68%), hypertriglyceridemia (18.74%), hypercholesterolemia (17.12%) and stroke (4.63%). Conclusions The preliminary results show that overweight, obesity and lipid metabolism disorders are the main physiological characteristics of this population. Obesity and frequent heavy drinking are the major causes of high incidence of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases. Low arterial oxygen saturation is the main risk of metabolic syndrome factor.