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目的开展北京地区典型设施蔬菜基地土壤中邻苯二甲酸酯类(phthalic acid ester,PAEs)污染物污染特征的研究,分析北京设施农业土壤中的PAEs的污染水平和污染特征,评估北京设施土壤中PAEs的潜在风险。方法采集北京昌平、延庆和顺义的10个典型设施蔬菜基地60个大棚的土壤样品,利用超声波提取、气相色谱质谱联用技术分析土壤中15种PAEs。结果在分析的北京设施蔬菜土壤样品中PAEs化合物的检出率为100%,15种PAEs总的浓度范围在0.05~2.02 mg/kg,平均含量为0.98 mg/kg。其中以邻苯二甲酸二丁酯(DBP)含量最高,其次为邻苯二甲酸(2-乙基)己酯(DEHP)和邻苯二甲酸二异丁酯(Di BP)。结论由于设施菜地地膜的大量应用,使得PAEs成为设施土壤中广泛存在的一类有机污染物,其潜在环境风险值得引起关注。
Aim To study the pollution characteristics of phthalic acid ester (PAEs) in soil of typical vegetable base in Beijing, and to analyze the pollution level and pollution characteristics of PAEs in agricultural facilities in Beijing. Potential risks of PAEs. Methods Soil samples from 60 greenhouses of 10 typical vegetable bases in Changping, Yanqing and Shunyi of Beijing were collected. Fifteen PAEs in soils were analyzed by ultrasonic extraction and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. Results The detection rate of PAEs was 100% in the vegetable soil samples from Beijing. The total concentration of 15 PAEs was between 0.05 and 2.02 mg / kg and the average content was 0.98 mg / kg. The content of dibutyl phthalate (DBP) was the highest, followed by DEHP and Di BP. Conclusion Due to the large number of application of plastic film in the vegetable garden, PAEs have become a kind of organic pollutants widely existing in the soil of facilities. The potential environmental risk deserves attention.