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一为了减少繁琐的施工放样控制测量中坐标计算的工作量,可根据该工程的具体情况,用一般初等解析几何中变换坐标公式,将原设计图的坐标变换为施工放样坐标。由于一般工程设计图大部分具有对称性,用变换坐标后的放样点位计算,工作量可减省一半。若工程的平面图形为弧形,放样时以垂直于该弧线的垂线作X轴,以该弧形的圆心作为坐标的原点,不但可节省计算工作量,且可利用“同弧上的圆周角相等”这条定理,使放样点的纵向误差不影响工程质量,并以该弧形上的两点(这两点为第i—1层拱面上的控制点)为放样测站点,使交会角γ>90°,可消减横向误差(理由见《广西水利水电科技》1981年第4期《拱坝施工放样测量方法的探讨》一文)。
In order to reduce the workload of coordinate calculation in cumbersome construction lofting control measurement, according to the specific situation of the project, the coordinate transformation of the original design diagram can be transformed into the coordinate of construction lofting by using the general primary analysis geometry transformation coordinate formula. As most of the general engineering drawings with symmetry, with the coordinates of the conversion point after the calculation of the staking point, the workload can be reduced by half. If the plan of the project is arc-shaped, the vertical line perpendicular to the arc will be taken as the X-axis when it is set out. The center of the arc is taken as the origin of the coordinates, which not only saves calculation workload, but also makes use of “ Circle angle is equal to ”this theorem, so that the longitudinal error of the staked point does not affect the quality of the project, and to the arc of the two points (these two points for the i-1 layer arch surface control point) So that the intersection angle γ> 90 °, can reduce the lateral error (for the reasons, see “Guangxi Water Conservancy and Hydropower Technology” 1981 the fourth period “arch dam construction lofting measurement method” article).