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神经干细胞中枢神经系统移植作为一种细胞替代治疗方法已吸引着众多学者的关注,但神经干细胞移植的临床应用还必须面临免疫排斥等问题。中枢神经系统具有其独特的移植免疫学中的特点。大脑曾被认为是免疫豁免区域之一,然而后来的研究已经证实,中枢神经系统并不是完全意义上的免疫豁免器官。中枢神经系统内免疫反应的屏障系统,中枢神经系统抗原提呈细胞的特点以及神经干细胞自身的免疫学特性决定了大脑的相对免疫豁免地位,实际是机体调节免疫豁免和免疫反应所达到的一个平衡。
Nerve stem cell transplantation of the central nervous system as a cell replacement therapy has attracted the attention of many scholars, but the clinical application of neural stem cell transplantation must also face such issues as immune rejection. The central nervous system has its own unique immunological characteristics in transplantation. The brain was once considered as one of the immunological exemption areas, but later studies have confirmed that the central nervous system is not a complete immune immunity. The barrier system of central nervous system immune response, the characteristics of CNS antigen-presenting cells and the immunological characteristics of neural stem cells determine the relative immune immunization status of the brain, which is actually a balance between the immune-mediated and the immune-mediated .