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分离器的设计及其尺寸的确定往往是在对发泡问题缺乏全面估计或理解的情况下进行的。一些应用探针或看窗的现场和试验室的试验表明,对于典型的脱气闪蒸分离器来讲,发泡问题往往是一个大问题。分离器的容积常常被泡占去50%以上。由于在某些特定条件下,任何原油都可能产生大量的泡,因此,所有原油都可以考虑为泡沫原油。泡在分离器中所占容积的大小取决于很多相互关联的因素,没有任何单一的因素可以完全决定泡的体积。通过降低允许气的额定速度计算发泡量的方法来确定分离器的尺寸是一种很粗糙而又很不精确的方法。允许气速度公式里的系数 K 与影响发泡量的任何系数都无关。利用半溶式的玻璃制泡器和压力刻度气瓶来测定泡似乎可行,但仍然很不精确。我们搞了一项操作试验,试验中产生适量的泡,并进行了有意义的油泡计量。要想预测分离器内的泡容积,必须应用几种可调参数。准确预测泡容积的关键是结合室内试验的数据——包括所有相关的变量,进行广泛的现场试验。
The design of the separator and the determination of its dimensions are often carried out without a thorough assessment or understanding of the problem of foaming. Field and laboratory tests using probes or windows have shown that foaming is often a major issue for typical degassing flash separators. Separator volume is often bubble accounted for more than 50%. Because of the large amount of bubbles that any crude oil may produce under certain conditions, all of the crude oil can be considered a foamy crude. The volume occupied by bubbles in the separator depends on many interrelated factors, and there is no single factor that determines the volume of the bubble completely. Determining separator size by reducing the allowable gas nominal speed to calculate the amount of foam is a rough and inaccurate method. The coefficient K in the allowable gas velocity formula has nothing to do with any factor that affects the amount of foaming. It seems plausible to use semi-dissolving glass bubblers and pressure graduated cylinders to measure bubbles, but still inaccurately. We did an operational test that produced the right amount of bubbles in the test and made a meaningful bubble measurement. To predict bubble volume within the separator, several adjustable parameters must be applied. The key to accurately predicting the bubble volume is to conduct a wide range of field trials by incorporating data from laboratory tests - including all relevant variables.