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对影响液态金属电磁成形形状的电磁压力、表面张力以及静压力进行了讨论。计算了圆形和矩形两种形状线圈中磁场和电磁压力的分布。结果发现：支撑高度为３０～４０ｍｍ铝液和１５～２０ｍｍ钢液所需电流约为１５００～２０００Ａ；计算的矩形线圈中等磁感应强度线形状与文献中实测形状以及实验电磁成形试样形状吻合较好。对铝和钢液表面张力进行计算时发现：液态金属电磁成形试样直径大于１０ｍｍ时，铝液的表面张力与高度为３０ｍｍ铝液柱产生的静压力和支撑该高度的电磁压力相比，可忽略不计，而要忽略不计钢液表面张力时，钢成形液柱的直径应更小。此外，在电磁成形综合分析中，利用最小作用原理对力平衡条件下，液态金属的电磁成形形状进行了分析，获得电磁成形形状稳定性的条件，最后提出了固—液界面上复杂形状试样的电磁成形问题及其影响因素
The electromagnetic pressure, surface tension and static pressure that affect the shape of liquid metal are discussed. The distribution of magnetic field and electromagnetic pressure in two kinds of circular and rectangular coils was calculated. The results show that the current required to support the molten aluminum with the height of 30 ~ 40mm and the molten steel with the diameter of 15 ~ 20mm is about 1500 ~ 2000A. The shape of medium magnetic induction line in the calculated rectangular coil is in good agreement with the measured shape in the literature and the shape of the experimental electromagnetic forming sample . When calculating the surface tension of aluminum and molten steel, it is found that when the diameter of liquid metal sample is more than 10mm, the surface tension of molten aluminum is higher than the static pressure of aluminum liquid column and the electromagnetic pressure supporting the height Neglected, and to ignore the surface tension of liquid steel, steel forming liquid column diameter should be smaller. In addition, in the comprehensive analysis of electromagnetic forming, using the principle of least action, the electromagnetic forming shape of liquid metal under force equilibrium condition was analyzed to obtain the condition of electromagnetic forming shape stability. Finally, the complex shape specimen Electromagnetic forming problems and their influencing factors