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“北风之神”诞生记自1981年美国海军“俄亥俄”(ohio)级(图1)首制艇下水起,到1997年9月该级最后一艘(第18艘)“路易斯安娜”号(SSBN-743)加入现役止,美国海军核动力弹道导弹潜艇的发展达到了一个巅峰。如果按通常的潜艇30年服役期计算,这18艘潜艇的至少可服役到2010～2030年。 “俄亥俄”级水下排水量1.87万吨,最大潜深300米,最大航速25节,可携载24枚“三叉戟”Ⅱ型导弹,导弹最大射程11200千米,能携带12个威力为10万吨梯恩梯当量的分导式核弹头,圆概率偏差只有90米,其总体作战能力要明显优于俄罗斯用来与“俄亥俄”级抗衡的“台风”(Typhoon)级(题图),特别是在隐蔽性能、打击威力、远程攻击精确度等方面。面对这样的现实,俄罗斯也难以建造比“台风”级更庞大的潜艇以增加导弹的携载量,一是财力不允许,
Birth of the Northern Gods Since 1981, the first vessel of the U.S. Navy and the “ohio” class (Figure 1) has been launched. By September 1997, the last one (No. 18) “Louisiana” (SSBN-743) joined the active service, the United States Navy nuclear-powered ballistic missile submarine reached a pinnacle of development. If the usual submarine 30-year service period, these 18 submarines can be served at least from 2010 to 2030. “Ohio ” class 18,700 tons of underwater displacement, the maximum depth of 300 meters, the maximum speed of 25 knots, carrying 24 “Trident ” Ⅱ missiles, the maximum range of 11200 km missiles, capable of carrying 12 The submarine-type nuclear warhead with a power of 100,000 tons of TNT equivalent has a round probability deviation of only 90 meters and its overall combat capability is significantly better than Typhoon-class (Typhoon) class that Russia uses to contend with “Ohio” class Figure), especially in the covert performance, combat power, long-range attack accuracy and so on. Faced with this reality, it is also difficult for Russia to build submarines larger than the “typhoon” level to increase the carrying capacity of missiles. First, financial resources are not allowed.