一概说何谓“物哀”(もののぁゎれ)?“物哀”是贯穿在日本传统文化和审美意识中的一个重要的观念。它产生在平安时代的贵族文化圈,又和当时日本社会的整个文化氛围紧密相连。其最早的用例,见于纪贯之(872?—945)的《土佐日记》。他写道:“船夫却不懂得这物哀之情,自己猛劲喝干酒,执意快开船。”以后,在众多的物语、随笔、和歌中,都有用例。其中以《源氏物语》用得最多,计有17例。 Generally speaking, what is meant by “物 哀”? “物 哀” is an important concept that runs through the traditional culture and aesthetic awareness in Japan. It produced a noble aristocratic culture in peacetime and was closely connected with the entire cultural atmosphere of Japanese society at that time. Its earliest use cases, found in Ji Guanzhi (872? -945) “Tosa diary.” He wrote: “The boatman did not understand this feeling of sorrow, and fiercely drank wine and insisted on a quick sailing.” Later, there are many use cases in numerous stories, essays, and songs. Among them, “Tale of Genji” was the most used, accounting for 17 cases.