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以妈妈枣、早脆王、冬枣3个鲜食枣品种为试材,研究果实成熟前萎蔫的原因。结果表明:妈妈枣、早脆王、冬枣常年大量施用化肥果实萎蔫率分别达28.20%、24.95%、20.39%,施有机肥处理果实萎蔫率分别降低21.28、17.31、15.19百分点;整株树环剥果实萎蔫率分别为27.55%、23.98%、20.60%,留1~2个大枝不环剥作为辅养枝,其余枝环剥处理果实萎蔫率分别降低20.63、17.76、14.98百分点;喷施除草剂20%百草枯水剂150倍液果实萎蔫率分别为27.04%、24.05%、20.30%,行间旋耕果实萎蔫率分别降低22.23、18.93、16.14百分点。表明枣树常年施化肥、不施有机肥、连年整株树环剥及采用化学除草是造成鲜食枣果实萎蔫的主要原因。
Taking the jujube, early crisp king and jujube jujube varieties as raw materials, we studied the reasons for the fruit wilting before ripening. The results showed that the fruit wilting rates of maize jujube, early crisp king and winter jujube were 28.20%, 24.95% and 20.39%, respectively. The wilting rate of organic fertilizer treatment decreased 21.28, 17.31 and 15.19 percentage points respectively. Fruit wilting rates were 27.55%, 23.98% and 20.60%, respectively. One or two large grafting rings were not used as supplementary feeding branches, and the wilting rate of the remaining branches was reduced by 20.63, 17.76 and 14.98 percentage points respectively. The wilting rates of fruits of 150% paraquat water were 27.04%, 24.05% and 20.30% respectively. The wilting rate of rotarim fruits decreased by 22.23%, 18.93% and 16.14% respectively. Show jujube perennial fertilization, no organic fertilizer, perennial plant ring and the use of chemical weeding is caused by the main reason for fresh wilt jujube fruit.