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目的了解新疆阿克苏市不同水氟浓度氟暴露儿童的氟斑牙病情,为制定氟中毒的防治对策提供科学依据。方法 2014年4月在阿克苏市非饮茶型和燃煤污染型氟中毒病区,选择水氟含量<0.8 mg/L、0.8 mg/L~、1.0 mg/L~、1.2 mg/L~、1.5 mg/L~和>2.0 mg/L~的村作为调查点,调查所有8~12岁儿童氟斑牙及龋齿患病情况;采集一次性随机尿样检测尿氟含量;每个调查点随机抽取10名儿童的3日膳食,检测膳食中氟含量。结果本次共调查8~12岁儿童834人,检出氟斑牙患者494例,检出率59.23%,氟斑牙指数1.34,中等流行强度;检出龋齿患者214例,龋齿404颗,平均龋齿1.89颗;尿氟范围0.29~5.88 mg/L,超标416例,超标率49.88%;调查儿童3日膳食189份,膳食中含氟量1.83~16.27 mg/kg,平均(4.67±2.25)mg/kg。结论新疆阿克苏市儿童氟中毒病情较重,建议相关部门建立健全长效防治机制,有效落实各项饮水型氟中毒的防治措施,保证人民群众喝上放心的生活饮用水,减少氟暴露。
Objective To understand the prevalence of dental fluorosis in children exposed to fluorine with different fluoride concentrations in Aksu, Xinjiang, and to provide a scientific basis for the prevention and treatment of fluorosis. Methods In April, 2014, in non-drinking tea-type and coal-burning fluorosis areas in Aksu City, the water fluoride content of 0.8 mg / L, 1.0 mg / L and 1.2 mg / L, 1.5 mg / L ~> 2.0 mg / L ~ as the investigation point to investigate the prevalence of dental fluorosis and dental caries in all children aged 8-12 years. One-off random urine samples were collected to detect urinary fluoride content. Each survey point was randomized Ten children were enrolled in a 3-day diet to detect dietary fluoride levels. Results A total of 834 children aged 8 ~ 12 years were investigated. 494 cases of dental fluorosis were detected, the detection rate was 59.23%, the dental fluorosis index was 1.34, and the moderate epidemic intensity was detected. Among them, 214 cases of dental caries and 404 dental caries were detected, 1.89 for dental caries, 0.29-5.88 mg / L for urine fluoride, 416 cases exceeded the standard, and 49.88% exceeded the standard. A total of 189 children were enrolled on the 3rd day. The fluoride content in the diet was 1.83-16.27 mg / kg (4.67 ± 2.25) mg / kg. Conclusion The children with fluorosis in Aksu, Xinjiang, have a severe illness. It is suggested that relevant departments establish and improve a long-term prevention and control mechanism to effectively implement prevention and cure measures for drinking water fluorosis and ensure that people can drink safe drinking water and reduce fluoride exposure.