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创立现代企业制度,是我国建立社会主义市场经济体制的一项重要任务。这里由美国专家和企业家介绍的美国几种现代企业制度,对我们有一定的参考借鉴作用。企业产权组织的基本形式。一百多年来,美国的企业产权组织形式大体经历了三个发展阶段。第一阶段,即在工业化初期,主要形式是独资企业,美国称为单业主制。这种形式的特点是一个人出资经营,所有者单一,在法律上不具有法人资格。其优点是员工不多,管理简单,经营上受制约较少。缺点是资本量少,企业发展受到限制。第二阶段,主要形式是合伙企业。这种形式特点是多人共同出资,共同经营,共同所有,也不具有法人资格。其优点是经营的资金较多,能发挥合伙各方的优势。缺点是所有权和经营权合为一体,资金积累缓慢,并承担无限责任,适应不了大规模生产经营和生产现代化、社会化的需要。
The establishment of a modern enterprise system is an important task for China to establish a socialist market economic system. The American modern enterprise system introduced by American experts and entrepreneurs here has certain reference for us. The basic form of enterprise property rights organization. For more than one hundred years, the form of corporate property rights in the United States has undergone three stages of development. In the first stage, that is, in the early stage of industrialization, the main form is a sole proprietorship, and the United States is called the single-ownership system. The characteristic of this form is that a person invests in the business, the owner is single, and the legal person does not have legal personality. Its advantage is that there are not many employees, the management is simple, and the operation is less constrained. The disadvantage is that the amount of capital is small and the development of the company is limited. In the second stage, the main form is a partnership enterprise. This form is characterized by a number of people co-financing, joint management, common ownership, and does not have legal personality. Its advantage is that it has more funds to operate and it can take advantage of the partners. The disadvantages are the combination of ownership and management rights, the slow accumulation of funds, and the unlimited responsibility to adapt to the needs of large-scale production operations and production modernization and socialization.